Toward an American Revolution
Exposing the Constitution and other Illusions
Jerry Fresia
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Chapter 5
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The Constitution and Secret Government
The Power of the President and the Role of
Congress
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Notes
1. Charles Higham, Trading with the Enemy (New
York: Dell, 1984), 184, 185.
2. One important and early study was L. Fletcher
Prouty, The Secret Team (New Jersey,
Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1973). As we shall note,
the "secret team" referred to by the Christic
Institute is different than Prouty's. While it
has its roots in the same corporate-intelligence
community, the Christic Institute's secret team
tends to carry out policy; Prouty's secret team
sets it. For Prouty's secret team I shall use
"secret government." When I shall use the term
"secret team" I shall use it in the sense that
the Christic Institute does.
3. The best recent study on these matters is
Johnathan Marshall, Peter Dale Scott, and Jane
Hunter, The Iran Contra Connection (Boston:
South End Press, 1987).
4. Both Daniel Sheehan, Chief Counsel of the
Christic Institution and Saul Landau of the
Institute for Policy Studies, for example, have
emphasized in public talks that the covert
activities violate the letter and spirit of the
Constitution.
5. Harry Magdoff, Imperialism: From the Colonial
Age to the Present (New York: Monthly Review
Press, 1978), 202.
6. A study by Lawrence Dennis quoted by Magdoff,
199; considering covert activities, the Untied
States has been at war continuously since 1941.
7. Prouty, 2.
8. Robert M. Johnstone, Jr., Jefferson and the
Presidency (Ithaca, New York: Cornell University
Press, 1978), 64, 65.
9. See Chapter 3.
10. For a more complete account see Marshall,
Scott, and Hunter.
11. Paul Jacobs and Saul Landau, To Serve the
Devil, Vol. 2, (New York: Random House, 1971),
338-355.
12. Victor Marchetti and John D. Marks, The CIA
and the Cult of Intelligence (New York: Alfred
A. Knopf, 1974), 323, 324, 344; for the Madison
quote see Chapter 3.
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